| Table of Contents |  |
|
Original Article
| ||||||
| Is time of neck pain onset a prognostic factor in whiplash-associated disorders? | ||||||
| Rasmus Elrud1, Eva Skillgate2, Linda J. Carroll3, Lena W. Holm4 | ||||||
|
1Research associate, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
2Assistant Professor, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 3Associated Research Scientist, Injury Prevention Centre, Director of Graduate Education, and Professor, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. 4Senior Researcher, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. | ||||||
| ||||||
|
[HTML Full Text]
[PDF Full Text]
[Print This Article]
[Similar article in Pumed] [Similar article in Google Scholar] |
| How to cite this article |
| Elrud R, Skillgate E, Carroll LJ, Holm LW. Is time of neck pain onset a prognostic factor in whiplash-associated disorders? Edorium J Disabil Rehabil 2015;1:16–23. |
|
Abstract
|
|
Aims:
One possible prognostic factor for whiplash-associated disorders which to date has not been investigated, is time of pain onset. We hypothesized that immediate onset of neck pain post-collision may indicate a different origin of the injury, with a prolonged recovery, compared to an injury with delayed onset of neck pain. Therefore, the aim was to investigate this in a prospective cohort study.
Methods: Data was collected from insurance claimants (n = 1,308). Questionnaires at baseline provided information on time of neck pain onset, and potential confounders. Exposure was time of pain onset, trichotomized into; at the scene of the collision, 1-12 hours, and >12 hours post-collision. At a 6-month follow-up, pain-related disability was assessed with the pain disability index (PDI) and trichotomized into scores based on the median and the 75th percentile; PDI = 0, 1–18 and >18. Results: Twenty-eight percent of persons with pain onset at the scene of collision rated in the PDI >18 category at follow-up, compared to 21% respectively of those with onset 1–12 hours and those with onset >12 hours post collision. Persons with pain onset at the scene were more likely to rate PDI >18 compared to those with onset >12 hours post-collision. When adjusted for confounders, the result was attenuated and not statistically significant or 1.3 (95% CI; 0.8–2.2). Conclusion: Time of neck pain onset is not a prognostic factor in recovery from whiplash-associated disorders in this study. Further studies are warranted to confirm the results. | |
|
Keywords:
Disability, Neck pain, Prognostic factor, Whiplash-associated
| |
|
[HTML Full Text]
[PDF Full Text]
|
|
Author Contributions:
Rasmus Elrud – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published Eva Skillgate – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Analysis and interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published Linda J Carroll – Analysis and interpretation of data, Critical revision of the article, Final approval of the version to be published Lena W Holm – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis and interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published |
|
Guarantor of submission
The corresponding author is the guarantor of submission. |
|
Source of support
None |
|
Conflict of interest
Authors declare no conflict of interest. |
|
Copyright
© 2015 Rasmus Elrud et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information. |
|
|